System for retaining an image within a frame

ABSTRACT

A spline installation device for use with a spline/rail type frame to assemble the splines to the rails. The device including a base that defines a platform for receiving a frame subassembly; and a plurality of linkages that are disposed about the platform and coupled to the base. Each linkage is configured to move between a first position in which a fence bearing surface thereof is at an angle other than 90 degrees relative to the platform and a second position in which the fence bearing surface is set at an at least substantially 90 degree angle relative to the platform for locking and holding the frame subassembly in place. The linkages further being configured to receive a spline instillation tool for locking the splines in place relative to the rails.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority to U.S. Ser. No. 62/436,958, filed Dec.20, 2016 and is related to U.S. Ser. No. 62/231,969, filed Jul. 21,2015, U.S. Ser. No. 62/335,751, filed May 13, 2016 and U.S. Ser. No.15/265,417, filed Sep. 14, 2016, each of which is incorporated byreference as if expressly set forth in their respective entirety herein.

BACKGROUND

The idea of entrapping a flat item between two sheets of transparentmaterial is likely nearly as old as the invention of sheet glass. Thepresent invention describes novel structures that allow a printed image,in particular, to be readily located and held between two transparentsheets that are, in turn, held within a frame.

In a conventional construction, the pressure between two sheets of glasspinches the image in position, and the paired sheets of glass are thenfixed within, for example, a rabbet in the back of a wooden pictureframe. The image then appears to float ahead against any ambientbackground, often with the open glass surrounding area servingcosmetically in place of an opaque picture mat.

This configuration produces a pleasing appearance, but poses a number ofchallenges. First, glass sheet dangerous to handle, and is subject toimpact or breakage from impact or from a fall. Second, an image with atransparent surround allows the inside of the frame to be seen, whichplaces constraints on how the frames can be attractively assembled andfinished. Third, it is difficult to secure the paired sheets reliably toone another, given seasonal fluctuations in common dimensional materialssuch as wood moldings.

SUMMARY

The present invention therefore proposes a number of novelties. Theentrapping sheets may electively be composed of molded plastic, and cantherefore include functional components. Among these functionalcomponents are a recessed tray to locate and retain an image of aspecific dimension, an opening through which at least one finger may beinserted to lift the image out of the recessed tray, and an integratedtension system that maintains tension between two transparent sheets sothat they cannot separate or loosen.

Such functional features as alignment trays or finger holes may belocated on one of the sheets, while the other may be a simple flatsheet. The functional components may also electively be divided betweenthe two sheets. Alternatively, as will be shown, some functions mayelectively be integrated into external fixtures, and the entrappingsheets made of simple cut sheet stock of clear glass or polymer.

A sheet carrying functional components may be injection-molded with aclear polymer material, such as acrylic or styrene. Various combinationsof materials may be selected for rigidity, durability, clarity,UV-resistance, reflectivity, texture, birefringence, manufacturability,scratch resistance, or other quality may be elected according toknowledge available to those practiced in the art.

Alternately, the exposed surface may, for example, be made of glass, andthe glass pre-attached to the frame, so that the sharp edges of theglass are sheltered by the frame rails. In this embodiment, secondaryassembly can be accomplished with minimal risk of injury. Because of therelative rigidity of glass, the transparent backer, amenably made ofclear plastic sheet, can be reduced in thickness.

The reduced thickness makes the plastic sheet relatively compliant, andit has been found that this modification can be usefully andeconomically substituted for the molded component carrying the recessedtray, as describe above. Provisions disclosed in this specificationenable the precise alignment of a printed image with the frame.

External Alignment Fixture

In this modification, an external alignment fixture can be used that hasthe same ability to place the image at a predetermined location relativeto the frame ass the recessed tray previously described.

When a molded external alignment fixture is used, the cost of the moldedalignment component can be distributed over a large number of frames.The external fixture typically has some features that the recessed,transparent display panel would have, but can have additional functionalfeatures as well.

For example, in common with the variation in which the alignment featureis integrated into the final frame assembly, the external alignmentfixture can usefully include a recessed tray having the dimensions of ananticipated printed item, and can have finger holes open through thefixture so that the printed item can be readily lifted from the recess.

The alignment fixture can include a second larger tray whose perimeteris sized to contain the transparent backer sheet. Also, the externalalignment fixture need not be made of transparent material, and cancarry instructions, marks, and other indicia intended to facilitateassembly and minimize error. The assembler need not be concerned, inthis case, with leaving fingerprints on a clear sheet during the finalassembly of the frame.

Snap Fittings

The frame subassembly within the invention also includes novel features.Namely, the frame subassembly essentially includes two frame structures,the first of which is preassembled. The preassembled frame is providedwith a relief profile such that an intermediate snap fitting array canbe affixed to it. This snap fitting array may amenably be injectionmolded. The snap fitting can be linear, or can be integrated intofunctional molded corner inserts.

Hidden Fasteners

The frame described within the invention has the advantage that it maybe assembled using fasteners that are hidden once the frame system isfully assembled, so that there are no visible nails, brads, or otherfasteners. V-nails, staples, corrugated fasteners, or plastic “bow-ties”may be usefully employed for such purposes within the invention.

A novel and advantageous property of the invention is that the staples,fasteners, or V-nails can be located on a land devised between the backplane and the front plane of the frame, and hidden after final assembly.Furthermore, this location has been found to be the optimal position forkeeping a miter closed, as fastening from the front is unattractive,while fastening from the back permits the most visible face of the miterto open and leave a perceptible gap.

The snap fitting array includes attachment features that engage bothwith the preassembled frame and the secondary frame elements. In anexemplary embodiment, the snap fittings are devised to engage with eachrail of the preassembled frame such that the insertion is primary andrelatively resistant to withdrawal.

The snap pins or caps associated with the secondary frame provide secureand unambiguous positioning and assembly, but are intentionally morereversible. In this way, the secondary frame elements can be insertedand removed at will, while the plastic snap fitting arrays tend toremain in place upon the preassembled frame.

The snap fitting arrays may be designed as a modular component, so thata number of the components may be aligned within a single length of railor molding. In this way, larger dimensions of frame may be accommodatedwithout the cost of fabricating a large mold for each situation.

Layered Mounting System

The secondary frame includes a number of discrete components. In arectangular application of the invention, four linear splines aredimensionally matched to four plastic corner parts. The components aredevised so that the corner parts and the splines all snap into place,and meet in a reliable, continuous, and visually pleasing way.

These components also include a setback or rabbet so that a planarbacker board may held at a remove to create a shadowbox effect. Thebacker board need not be opaque, but may be opaque, transparent,translucent, a combination thereof, or patterned in any imaginable way.

The assembly process may be summarized as follows. Four pieces ofmolding having engageable surface features, typically grooves, aremitered and fastened into a rectangle. The frame is provided as a kitincluding the remaining components to a second assembly location. Asheet of transparent material may electively be preinstalled in theframe at this stage.

Optionally and conveniently, the frame may be provided as a kitincluding the remaining components to a second assembly location. In theinvention, the secondary assembly typically needs no mechanical joineryaside from that intrinsic to the design of the wood moldings and snapfittings. No adhesive is required, except when tape is used to fix thephoto to the transparent backing sheet. The frame is completed through aseries of simple operations.

Print Alignment, 1^(st) Embodiment

In a first embodiment, the preassembled frame is laid upon a flatsurface. A printed image of predetermined sized is placed with theshallow recessed tray in the injection-molded sheet. The second sheet isplaced on top of the sheet carrying the printed image making an alignedparing of the two sheets. The sheets are flipped and placed in theframe.

Print Alignment, 2nd Embodiment

In a second embodiment, the preassembled frame is again laid upon a flatsurface, but in this embodiment one transparent sheet is preinstalled inthe frame. A printed image of predetermined sized is placed with theshallow recessed tray in the external alignment fixture. Adhesive,typically in the form of one or more strips of two-sided adhesive tape,is applied to the back of the printed image. The clear backing sheet isthen placed on top of the printed image and within the second and largerrecessed tray. This subassembly is then removed from the fixture andplaced in the frame.

Assembly Overview

As in prior versions of the invention, splines and frames made accordingthe invention may be rapidly and successfully assembled by an inexpertoperator through the use of an assembly aide in the form of a fixturehaving hinged fences. Preferably, the fences are devised with acenterless hinge, so that the center of rotation of the fences does notjam against the edges of the frame as the fences are closed. A detailedembodiment of such a fixture is described later in this specification.

Irrespective of the embodiment, four initial snap fitting components areinserted into the frame, and snapped firmly into place. The splines arereversibly snapped or pressed into the frame.

Secondary snap components are the installed at the corners to furthersecure the rails. The splines then bear against the mated clear sheets,entrapping the printed item and pressing the stack of sheet materialsagainst the frame. This procedure provides a safe, clean, and secureprocess that yields an attractive graphic arts product that can beassembled by an unpracticed assembler in a minimum amount of time.

A plain or patterned backer board may be electively attached to theprovided recesses, or the image may be left open to its ambientbackground, such as a wall or other existing partition. The backer boardmay be devised to be reversible, with differing colors, finishes,patterns, or imagery upon its opposite faces. The backer board may beprepared with texturing or coating, for example, to receive a particularink or additional lamination.

The frame may be stood on its own or upon a stand, or provided withhardware to be placed upon a wall. The frame or rail may be amenablydevised with grooves or channels to compatibly attach a hook or hanger.The features of the invention may be variously integrated, and may beimplemented through a diversity of processes and materials.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

The present invention may be appreciated by reference to the followingdescriptions and drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the major elements of the print frame,

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the frame profile,

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the frame profile with a conformal finishlayer over part of its surface,

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the spline profile,

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the spline profile, with a conformalfinish layer over part of its surface,

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the spline and rail profile,illustrating their complementary interfitting structures,

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a subassembly comprising ajoined, mitered frame with a glass sheet preinstalled,

FIG. 8 is an oblique perspective view of the hollow molded cornerinsert, showing the open end of the insert, showing beveled tabs forsnap fitting the insert to the frame, and the corner cap to the insert,

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the corner cap, facing the inside of the “L”,and showing the two rectangular detents that connect with thecorresponding tabs on the corner inserts shown in FIG. 8,

FIG. 10 is a top view of the corner cap, showing the beveled hole forthe resilient bumper,

FIG. 11 is a plan view of the print alignment fixture, corresponding tothe size of the frame and print illustrated in exemplary FIG. 1,

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the alignment fixture showingthe fixture, the photo, two strips of tape, and a clear backing sheet,located in their relative positions for merging into a subassembly,

FIG. 13 is a cutaway perspective view of a corner of the assembledframe, showing the structural features of the corner insert that engageboth the frame and the corner cap,

FIG. 14 is a cutaway elevation view, showing a corner cap in place, andidentifying the internal, concealed location of a V-nail,

FIG. 15 is an illustration of a metal hanger used compatibly inconjunction with the invention,

FIG. 16 is a rear perspective view of the assembled shadowbox frame,including an opaque backer board, and showing the final position of theelements floating photo frame,

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of the aluminum base extrusion used in theillustrated variation of the assembly fixture,

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of aluminum fence extrusion used inillustrated variation of the assembly fixture,

FIG. 19 is a detailed schematic end view of a locking linkage mechanism,in its lowered position,

FIG. 20 is a detailed schematic end view of a locking linkage mechanism,in its raised position,

FIG. 21 shows a descriptive perspective view of a molded fixture cornerblock, showing tool holder a material positioning screw exploded to alocation beyond the corner block,

FIG. 22 is a detailed perspective view of a spline insertion tool alone,showing the sectional profile of the tool head extrusion,

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of the working assembly fixture, fenceslowered,

FIG. 24 is a perspective view the working assembly fixture, fencesraised, and

FIG. 25 shows the working assembled fixture, fences up, with the tool inplace at a raised angle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of complete print frame assembly 800. Printframe assembly 800 is safely and usefully provided with the miteredrails already joined into a frame, and the glass already installed inthe assembled frame. FIG. 1 shows preassembled mitered frame 600.Preassembled mitered frame 600 is made using four mitered sections offrame stock 100 having the profile illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. Therail sections are represented in the illustrated exemplary rectangularframe by short mitered rails 100A and long mitered rails 100B.

Mitered corners are joined here using V-nails. V-nails are right-angledconnectors typically made of fine-gauge, hardened steel, and are used inthe framing trade to securely join frame parts, ideally withoutsplitting the frame stock.

However, it may be appreciated that the typical location of a V-nail,upon the flat back face of the frame, is not available in the woodmolding design shown. Instead, in the invention, V-nail 2 is installedinto expressly and conscientiously devised land 110, as may be morefully appreciated by reference to FIG. 14.

Returning to FIG. 1, typically glass sheet 10 is adhered to thepreassembled frame using beads of adhesive 70, and this subassembly isprovided as a component in a boxed frame assembly kit. When the picturemounting process is completed, as may be appreciated most simply byreference to FIG.1 and FIG. 16, the box may be reused as a presentationbox for the completed, enclosed photo or art display.

In the picture mounting process, the mitered frame, with glasspreinstalled, is inverted on a flat surface. Using the print alignmentfixture depicted in FIGS. 11 and 12, exemplary print 20 is then attachedto one side of clear plastic support sheet 30. The stack of planarmaterials set into the frame. In FIG. 1, mat board backer panel 40, fourshort splines 200A, four long splines 200B, four hollow corner inserts300, four corner caps 400, four bumper pads 50, and metal hanger 500,are substantially shown in positions relative to their ultimate orderand mode of insertion.

Spline installation fixture 2000, illustrated in FIGS. 17 through 25inclusive, may amenably and advantageously be employed with either theprint mounting system described in this application, or may equally andinterchangeably be used in the fabric mounting system described inpending U.S. application Ser. No. 15/265,417, which is herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety.

In the present embodiment, corner inserts 300 snap into pre-assembledframe 600, splines 200 are inserted along the four sides of the frame600, between corner inserts 300, so as to ultimately bear against astack composed of glass sheet 10, photograph 20, and clear plasticsupport sheet 30.

Mat board backer panel 40 is set into compatible recess in spline stock200, and corner caps 400 are snapped into corner inserts 300 to secureand retain the entire set of materials. Four bumper pads 50 aretypically composed of resilient material, such as an elastomer. Metalhanger 500, illustrated in detail in FIG. 15, is secured into compatiblegrooves expressly incorporated in the profile of spline stock 100.

Further features and operations may be appreciated by reference to moredetailed features of the invention. FIGS. 2 through 6 inclusiveillustrate operational and cosmetic features of the milled woodcomponents. Frame rail parts 100A and 100B are mitered lengths cut fromrail stock 100, as typified by the profile shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.Frame spline parts 200A and 200B are mitered lengths cut from rail stock200, as typified by the profile shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5. FIG. 6 showsthe spline and rail profile mechanically joined, illustrating theircomplementary, interfitting structures.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the profile of frame rail stock 100, witha conformal finish layer 60 over part of its surface, while FIG. 5 showsa similar surface treatment applied to frame spline stock 200. Thissurface treatment may be a wrap or film composed of polymer, foil,paper, composite, or other suitable material. It may be attached to themilled wood core material by heat, adhesive, or both. It may be of anycolor, pattern, or aspect, and may be variously treated, textured,molded, or embossed to simulate natural materials.

It may be appreciated that the selective application of the conformallayer permits a picture frame, assembled from a spline and rail as inFIG. 6, to exhibit a consistent finish once the splines and rails arejoined, as no unfinished wood surfaces are exposed to the visibleinterior faces of the frame assembly.

Referring now to the relief features of frame rail stock 100, flat railstock land is devised to receive one or more V-nails using an automatedstapling device. A V-nailer usually holds a frame down against a tableand staples the V-nails in place. In the present invention, the anvil ofan automated V-nailer can be adjusted so that it is raised above thetable to approximately half the height of the wood rail, so that theanvil bears on the land at the time the joint is secured by the V-nails.In this manner, a V-nail joint can be made that is wholly concealed oncethe frame is assembled. This gives the frame a finished appearance whenmounted on a stand, or in any other situation where the back is exposedto view.

Relief features of rail stock 100 further include dado 120, retainer lip130, compression ridge 140, and retaining rabbet 150. By reference toFIGS. 4 through 6 inclusive, compatible features may be found on framespline stock 200, including spline stop land 210, spline guide ridge220, spline engagement ridge 230, spline compression face 240, splinestack retention face 250, spline backer retention lip 260, and angledspline lifting face 270.

It may be appreciated by particular reference to FIG. 6 that the relieffeatures of the lightly engaged parts acts as a guide, so that theapplication of mechanical force to spline top face 280 of spline stock200, when rail stock 100 is securely held and stationary, induces guidedmechanical engagement between the compatible features of the rail andthe spline.

FIG. 7 through 15 inclusive show details of parts and subassemblies thatrelate to the operation of the system of the invention. FIG. 7 showspreassembled mitered frame 600, with glass sheet 10 secured withadhesive, to form frame prefabricated subassembly 700.

FIG. 8 is an oblique perspective view of hollow molded corner insert300. L-shaped connection ridge 310, understood more completely byconcurrent reference to FIGS. 13 and 14, fits into short sections of thegrooves at each interior location where the milled wooden frame partsmeet at a miter. When tilted in toward the interior of its associatedmitered joint, corner insert 300 snaps into place under a geometricallycompatible rim, conscientiously milled into the inside of the woodenframe profile.

Corner insert 300 therefore includes two pairs of tapered snap hooksthat promote, first, the joining of the corner insert to the frame, andthen, second and later in the assembly process, the joining of thecorner caps to the corner inserts. The initial insertion end of cornerinsert 300 includes L-shaped connection ridge 310, corner insert stopface 320, and sliding core aperture 330. Corner insert stop face 320ensures that the corner cap will be seated at a height flush with theback of the wooden frame, and places partial rim 350 substantially flushwith the back of the frame. Sliding core aperture 330 permits theefficient molding of internal snap fitting (locking tabs) 340, shown inFIG. 5.

FIG. 8 shows that the open end of corner insert 300 is delimited bypartial rim 350. The rim is said to be partial because the perimeterdoes not describe a complete square, but is interrupted by a deep notchdefined by valley rim 355. The notch defined by valley rim 355 permitsthe polymer partition wall to deflect, and allows spring force to holdthe corner insert in place at two locations positioned at 90° to oneanother. This action may be appreciated by reference to the cutaway viewshown in FIG. 13.

The larger external, raised, oppositely-beveled tabs 360 are designed tohave the injection mold parting line at their common apices. Thisarrangement allows the mold halves to be parted, and a dual-ramped snaptab to be formed without undercuts. Two smaller, internal beveled snaptabs 340, used for fastening the corner cap to the installed cornerinserts, are shown formed at the top of sliding core aperture 330.

FIG. 9 illustrates the underside of exemplary corner cap 400. Hollowrectangular stub 410 is devised to fit into partial rim 350 of cornerinsert 300, and carries recessed detents 420 dimensioned to receiveinternal snap fitting 340 formed on corner insert 300. L-shapedretention wall 430 is scaled to entrap mat backer board 40 once the kitis fully assembled. Internal cap face 440 overlaps spline stock 200during the kit's final assembly. Cap through-hole 450 is shown in FIG. 9and FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a top view of the corner cap, showing capthrough-hole 450 devised to receive resilient bumper 50. The hole issurrounded by hole bevel 460, and the bevel by external cap face 470.

Both corner inserts 300 and corner caps 400 may be amenably fabricatedfrom injection—molded polymer, including but not limited to high-impactpolystyrene (HIPS), nylon, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS).Polymers may be variously pigmented, modified, or reinforced withadditives, as is well understood in the trade. The materials for thecorner insert and the corner cap may be the same, similar, or different.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of print alignment fixture 1000, substantiallycorresponding to the size of the frame and print illustrated inexemplary FIG. 1. An alignment fixture such as the exemplary designshown in FIG. 11 may be implemented in various embodiments and withdiverse modifications, so that a range of sizes and layouts can beprovided by a user or vendor.

Specific features of print alignment fixture 1000 include outer tray1010, inner tray 1020, tape locators 1030, finger indents 1040, fingerholes 1050, raised release ribs 1060, and instructional indicia panel1070.

Instructional indicia panel 1070 can identify requisite the print andframe, and may electively include further guidance on the use andhandling of the associated materials. An exemplary use of printalignment fixture 1000 is illustrated in the exploded view shown in FIG.12. Print 20 is locates such that its edges abut the substantiallycommensurate perimeter of inner tray 1020. The radiused and set-backcorners of the perimeter prevent bending or fraying of the corners ofthe print. Two-sided tape strips are applied in visual alignment withtape locators 1030.

Outer tray 1010 is devised to be substantially commensurate with clearplastic support sheet 30. Clear plastic support sheet 30 is placedwithin the bounds of outer tray 110 and in the desired positionalrelationship relative to the print. Clear plastic support sheet 30 isthen pressed into secure contact with two-sided tape strips 80 such thatprint 20 and clear plastic support sheet 30 are mutually adhered.

Tape may be taken from a spool, but may more conveniently be provided inprecut strips, provided with release liner on two sides, and providedwith tabs or slits to aid in its application, as is well understood andappreciated in the general practice of tape adhesion. Liquid, gelatin,or semisolid, or aerosol adhesive may be substituted for the tape hereindescribed, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Once the subassembly composed of the printed material, the adhesive, andthe clear backer sheet 30 is laminated into a stack, that stack ofmaterials is removed from the alignment fixture. Finger indents 1040,release holes 1050, and raised release ribs 1060 provide means to liftthe stack of materials with minimal resistance. The holes and ribs allowairflow under the print, subverting vacuum adhesion, while fingerindents 1040 allow the laminated stack to be lifted without touching anysurface that is visible in the assembled product. It may be appreciatedthat the inclusion of dust and fingerprints generally requiresremediation, which greatly lengthens the requisite assembly cycle.

For example, the tray or trays receiving the print or prints may providemargins may that in width or proportion, are skewed relative to theframe, accommodate multiple prints, accommodate prints of differingsizes or orientations, are arranged in a regular or irregular mosaic, orare of freeform or arbitrary shape. In general, the fixture should beunderstood to retain a print, in any embodiment thereof, in desiredposition relative to the shape of the associated geometrical frame.

FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show details that reveal the inner structure of theframe at two stages of the assembly process. In FIG. 13, The view is cutaway through the middle of a mitered corner of the frame, and throughthe middle of corner insert 300. Preassembled frame 600, joined withglass into frame prefabricated subassembly 700, had been fitted withcorner insert 300 and short rail 200A. It may be seen that corner insert300 fits into dado 120 in the frame rail via L-shaped connection ridge310.

As the corner piece is installed, oppositely-beveled tabs 360 aredeflected by, and then bypass, retainer lip 130, effectively in themanner of a snap fitting. Corner insert stop face 320 arrests theinsertion at the proper depth. Four corner inserts 300 are therebysecured in each of the four corners of the exemplary frame.

FIG. 14. Shows a partial cutaway of the assembled frame. The view is cutaway at the limit of the corner insert, and therefore includes acomplete elevation view of the corner insert shown in FIG. 8. Thesequence of assembly may be appreciated by concurrent reference to theexploded perspective views of FIG. 1 and FIG. 12.

The preassembled frame 600 has been provided within frame prefabricatedsubassembly 700, in which the glass and frame have been preadhered usingadhesive 70. The stack of laminated sheet materials comprising print 30,two-sided tape strips 80, and clear plastic support sheet 30 is set intothe frame such that the stack rests upon the glass surface. The printand the tape strips are outside of this cutaway view, and their relativepositions may be appreciated by particular reference to FIG. 12.

The four splines are loosely set into the rails. Mat board backer panel40 is received by spline backer retention lips 260 Four splines,including two short splines 200A and two long splines 200B, are thenpressed into place through the combined use of spline installationfixture 2000 and spline installation tool 3000, as described insubsequent FIGS. 17 through 25 inclusive. This process entraps both thelaminated stack of display materials, and mat board backer panel 40.

Each hollow rectangular stub 410, formed integrally to each corner cap400, fits into its respective corner insert 300 and attaches via thecommensurate scale and positioning of internal snap fitting 340 andrecessed detents 420. L-shaped retention wall 430 bears against matboard backer panel 40, and inhibits unwanted deflection of the fibrouspanel. Internal cap face 440 bears against the splines and secures themagainst unintended withdrawal.

FIG. 15 is an illustration of metal hanger 500 having sawtooth plate510. The structural features and the installation of the hanger may bemore fully apprehended by reference to FIG. 1, to FIGS. 2 through 6inclusive, and to FIG. 16. Metal hanger 500 is devised to clip onto anylength of spline stock 200 by bridging spline backer retention lip 260and angled spline lifting face 270. Channel 520 fits under spline backerretention lip 260. As the hanger is pressed into place, upper channelbead 530 rides over the rounded segment of spline lifting face 270, andsnaps into a secure relationship with the installed spline. The tensionsecurely retains the hanger in its lateral position. Sawtooth plate 510provides plural positions for mounting upon a screw, nail, or hanger, sothat any imbalance in the center of gravity of the frame may bepractically addressed whenever the frame is mounted on the wall. The useof the hanger is elective, as the frame can stand alone, or electivelybe mounted on an easel, stand, or other supplementary display.

FIG. 16 shows the appearance of the back of print frame assembly 800once its set of components is installed. Resilient bumpers 50 areintroduced by hole bevel 460 into through-hole 450, so that the heads ofthe bumpers bear upon the external cap face 470. External cap face 470covers any raw wood surfaces and any rough ends of the butted splines,and thereby imparts a neat, formal, and finished look to the back of thecompleted frame.

The frame assembly herein described may be appreciated as component in acomprehensive and versatile print display assembly system using commonmechanisms to increase the speed and quality of the assembled kits. Thebroader invention may be apprehended to include compatible holding andinsertion devices that can accommodate a modular range of kitted displaymaterials.

Spline installation fixture 2000, illustrated in FIGS. 17 through 25inclusive, may amenably and advantageously be employed with the printmounting system described in this application, while remainingcompatible with previously disclosed embodiments of the comprehensivesystem of the invention.

Spline installation fixture 2000 is a tabletop assembly aid thatincludes four fences, each of which can be separately raised into avertical position. The fixture is used to hold and secure a preassembledframe as splines are inserted into the frame. As this wedging actionoften requires considerable mechanical force to ensure secure assembly,the fixture also includes engagement features for a tool that impartssubstantial force, without the noise, damage, or danger implicit in anyimpact tool.

Platen 2900 provides a flat base onto which a preassembled frame may belocated for assembly in accordance with the invention. It may be made ofmetal, acrylic, styrene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate,acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), phenolic, or other polymer orresin.

A tight fit with a full range of frame designs requires that theperimeter of the platen not be occupied by any hinge pin, pintle, oraxle at the center of rotation of the displaceable fence. Accordingly,fixtures most suitable for use within the invention employ centerlesshinges. The structure of a fence system combining a centerless hingewith a locking linkage is shown in the sectional views illustrated inFIGS. 17 through 20 inclusive.

FIG. 17 shows base extrusion 2100. FIG. 18 shows fence extrusion 2200.

FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 depict those two component, as well as twoadditional lengths of aluminum extrusion and two injection-moldedpolymer components, showing the set of parts assembled into adisplaceable fence subassembly. FIG. 19 shows that raising the handle oflinkage extrusion 2300 lowers the fence, while lowering the linkageextrusion raises the fence. Compatible imagery is shown in illustrationsof the complete fixture shown in FIGS. 23, 24, and 25.

Returning now to FIG. 17, base extrusion 2100 includes base T-slot 2110,platen ledge 2120, centerless hinge hook 2130, and screw channels 2140.In FIG. 18, showing fence extrusion 2200, features of the extrusioninclude fence T-slot 2210, semicircular socket 2220, centerless hingehalf-ring 2230, tool hook 2240, and fence bearing face 2250. Fenceperpendicular extension 2260 geometrically connects tool hook 2240 andfence bearing face 2250

When base extrusion 2100 and fence extrusion 2200 are interlinked, asshown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, a centerless hinge is formed, and theparts allowed to be displaced into a perpendicular relationship withoutobstruction of the inner volume. FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 include furthercomponents which limit and activate the displaceable fence components.

Linkage extrusion 2300 includes linkage fence socket 2310, linkage beam2320, linkage tie-bar socket 2330, and linkage handle 2340. Mountingextrusion 2400 includes C-shaped channel 2410 and mounting tie-barsocket 2120. Molded fence coupling 2500 includes fence-couplingT-fitting 2510 and coupling linkage axle 2520. Molded tie-bar 2600includes tie-bar axles 2610 and 2620. Base extrusion 2100 and fenceextrusion 2200 are moveably interlinked. Molded fence coupling 2500links fence extrusion moveably to linkage extrusion 2200. Linkageextrusion 2300 is connected to mounting extrusion via molded tie-bar2600.

As may be appreciated by the drawings, each of the four rotationalfeatures in the linkage can move freely, but only over designatedangular range. The illustrated configuration provides bi-stableoperation, namely, the fence naturally locks in a secure position ateach extent of the allowed angular range. This property allowshands-free operation, and prohibits premature displacement of the fencesas force is applied to install the splines into the frame.

The linear aluminum extrusions are laid upon molded positioning ledge2710 of quarter-round base component 2700 and joined to the molded basepart using screw channels 2140. Screws are fitted through pilot holes2720 and tapped into screw channels 2140 formed integrally with baseextrusion 2100. Screw retention fins 2730 deter screws from lifting fromtheir designated slots.

Clip depression 2740 is dimensioned to receive tool holder 2810. Toolholder 2810 is amenably made of plated spring steel, and is fixed inplace by the collaborative action of tool holder screw 2820 and theconformal contours of clip depression 2740. Base concavity allows roomfor the knob on spline insertion tool 3000, shown in detail in FIG. 22.Angled pin mounting 2760 is formed in the base such that, at eachcorner, threaded pin 2830 may be located in its associated mounting, andits extension from the mounting feature independently adjusted.

The mounting pin may be used to position a protective fabric linerwithin the fixture. As noted previously, spline installation fixture2000 is devised to be useful in aspects of the larger invention,including the general tensioning of splines. The operation of priorembodiments of the invention, while analogous to those in theprint-mounting system herein detailed, include variations of theinvention in which splines entrap and tension printed fabric. Theinclusion of these alignment and mounting pins allows the implementationand distribution of a universal fixture that can be used compatibly witha wide range of frames within the larger graphic arts system.

Briefly, in the fabric-tensioning application, a piece of fabric istrimmed to an irregular octagon, punched in four locations along thefour short sides of the octagon, and mounted via the four holes onto theangled pins. The holes may be precisely and repeatably located throughthe use of a punch having a tray attached to the platen side of thepunch. The tray has a raised, integrally molded fence including onesides conformal to full length of the short side, and two angled stopsconformal to abbreviated sections of the long sides, such that thefabric may be laid at a consistent location in the tray, and the fabricpierced by the punch at a predetermined location. In accordance withprior application of the invention, these four holes may be placed overthreaded pins 2830.

With these diverse applications of the invention in mind, the operationof spline installation fixture 2000 may be more thoroughly understood byreference to the design of the tool shown in FIG. 22, and sequence ofactions illustrated in FIGS. 23 through 25, inclusive.

Spline installation tool 3000 includes toolhead 3100. The toolhead maybe made out of cast, machined, or extruded aluminum, but may also bemade of other metals, or any suitably hard plastic. Tool shaft 3010 maybe machined from bar stock, and is threaded at each end. Spherical toolknob 3020 prevents slippage as manual force is applied to the tool.

The toolhead has two critical faces that transmit manual force impartedby the operator via the tool handle. Toolhead linear pivot 3110 allowsthe tool to freely and slideably engaged with tool hook 2240. Rotationof the toolhead within the constraint of tool hook 2240 imparts aprogressive application of force upon a compatibly-dimensionedframe-and-spline system, such as the ones described in this andpreviously referenced applications.

Toolhead bearing face 3120 is devised to anticipate the progressiveinsertion of the spline into the rail. Accordingly, the requisite forceand the location, in three dimensions, of the line of contact, may varyover the stroke of the tool. The profile of the bearing face willtypically depart from a simple radius, and more commonly may be devisedto have an elliptical, parabolic, hyperbolic, involute, or cycloidalprofile.

Spline installation fixture 2000 is shown assembled with the fences intheir lowered position in FIG. 23. While the four molded quarter-roundbase components 2700 are identical, only one is provided with toolholder 2810. The tool holder is used to prevent misplacement of splineinstallation tool 3000 when the fixture is not in use. In this figure,all four linkage extrusions 2300 are in their raised position, placingthe fences in their lowered position, and yielding a hopper-like shape.In this position, the fixture can receive and position a preassembledframe.

Pressing down on the elevated linkage extrusions induces the fences toobtain their raised position. Fence perpendicular extensions 2260 entrapthe preassembled frame (for clarity of detail, not shown in FIGS. 23through 25). At this point, the splines are loosely inserted into therails, toolhead linear pivot 3110 slidably engaged with tool hook 2240,and the tool handle rotated down ward so that toolhead bearing face 3120presses upon the splines until the relative position of the splines andrails approximates that shown in FIG. 6. As may be appreciated byreference to spline installation tool 3000 can be repositioned alongeach fence and pressure applied to the splines until they aresubstantially flush with the back of the rails.

This fixture may be used compatibly with the shadowbox-mounted printframe design described in this specification. It is also compatible withframes in which fabric is tensioned over the rails of the preassembledframe by the action of the splines. In this case, a perforation in afold of fabric is located over the four angled, adjustable pins, andfence perpendicular extensions 2260 assist in the folding of the fabric.The splines are then inserted using the fixture and the compatiblydesigned tool, the frame removed, and the corner pleats turned into themitered corners using any thin device such as a card or blade, asdescribed in prior embodiments.

Synthetic, polymer, composite, or metal materials may be substituted forthe milled wood stock illustrated in the figures, without departing fromthe invention. Treatments such as aerosols, surface texturing, spacers,deglossers, powders, such as talc or cornstarch, static removers orpromoters, are all envisioned within the invention, and variousimplementations, modifications, and refinements of the invention areenvisioned.

In the version of the invention illustrated in FIG. 1, and subsequentdepictions of the invention within this specification, it may beappreciated that the completed frame provides a neat and consistentfinish, whether viewed from the front or back, that the rails andsplines can be made to match perfectly through the application of aconformal covering, that the assembly can be quickly and reliablyachieved through the use of compatible alignment and assembly fixtures,that the assembly system is fully reversible, and thereby reduces bothmaterial waste and labor, that two differing colors or patterns can beincluded on the mat board backer, that a print, or a set of prints, canbe mounted, in diverse and pleasing ways, using one integrated system,and that the final product can be provided to the end-user in adependable and attractive package.

It is to be understood that like numerals in the drawings represent likeelements through the several figures, and that not all components and/orsteps described and illustrated with reference to the figures arerequired for all embodiments or arrangements.

Thus, illustrative embodiments and arrangements of the present devicesand methods provide a method for applying a hair fastener. The flowchartin the figures illustrates the operation of possible implementations ofmethods according to various embodiments and arrangements. It shouldalso be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functionsnoted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. Forexample, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executedsubstantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed inthe reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure.As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended toinclude the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises”and/or “comprising”, when used in this specification, specify thepresence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements,and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of oneor more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements,components, and/or groups thereof.

Also, the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose ofdescription and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of“including,” “comprising,” or “having,” “containing,” “involving,” andvariations thereof herein, is meant to encompass the items listedthereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items.

The subject matter described above is provided by way of illustrationonly and should not be construed as limiting. Various modifications andchanges can be made to the subject matter described herein withoutfollowing the example embodiments and applications illustrated anddescribed, and without departing from the true spirit and scope of thepresent disclosure, which is set forth in the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A frame assembly comprising: a mitered frame baseincluding a plurality of rail sections that are joined together incorners of the mitered frame base by a plurality of fasteners, whereineach rail section includes a planar landing, each fastener beinginstalled into the landings of adjacent rail sections that define one ofthe corners, each rail section including a first surface for receiving aglass plate and a print, each rail section including an inwardly facingretainer lip; a plurality of splines that are configured tosnap-fittingly mate with the plurality of rail sections, each splinehaving a second surface that faces the first surface of one of therespective rail sections for securing the glass plate and print betweenthe spline and the rail section; and a plurality of corner inserts thatare configured to snap-fittingly mate with the plurality of railsections, each corner insert having a plurality of outwardly directedbeveled tabs which engage the retainer lips of corresponding railssections for coupling the corners inserts to the rail sections.
 2. Theframe assembly of claim 1, wherein each rail section includes a dadoformed therein and each corner insert includes an L-shaped connectionridge that is received within one dado of one rail section and withinone dado of an adjacent rail section that defines one of the corners. 3.The frame assembly of claim 1, wherein each corner insert has a hollowinterior and includes a plurality of locking tabs formed along innersurfaces thereof.
 4. The frame assembly of claim 3, wherein each cornerinsert has a slot formed in one corner thereof to permit flexing of twoside walls the slot.
 5. The frame assembly of claim 3, further includinga plurality of corner caps that are configured to mate with theplurality of corner inserts, each corner cap having an outwardlyprojecting protrusion that is received with the hollow interior of onecorner insert, the protrusion having a plurality of openings formed inside walls thereof which receive the locking tabs of the one cornerinsert resulting in the corner cap snap-fittingly mating with the onecorner insert.
 6. The frame assembly of claim 5, wherein each corner capincludes a planar base from which the protrusion extends outwardly froma first face thereof, the planar base also include an L-shaped retentionwall formed along a peripheral edge thereof and also extending outwardlyfrom the first face.
 7. The frame assembly of claim 6, wherein each ofthe protrusion of the corner cap and each of the corner inserts has apolygonal shape.
 8. The frame assembly of claim 5, wherein the planarbase includes an opening formed therethrough, the opening forming anentrance into a hollow interior of the protrusion.
 9. The frame assemblyof claim 8, further including a plurality of bumpers, each bumper beingreceived within the opening of one of the corner caps.
 10. The frameassembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of fasteners comprisesV-nails.
 11. The frame assembly of claim 1, wherein each corner insertis disposed over one fastener.
 12. The frame assembly of claim 6,wherein each spline includes a recess configured to receive a backerpanel and when each corner cap mates with one corresponding cornerinsert, the retaining wall is positioned so as to entrap the backerpanel.
 13. The frame assembly of claim 1, further including a hangerthat is secured within a groove formed in one of the splines.
 14. Aframe assembly comprising: a mitered frame base including a plurality ofrail sections that are joined together in corners of the mitered framebase, wherein each rail section includes a first planar landing, eachrail section including a first surface and an inwardly facing retainerlip; and a plurality of splines that are configured to snap-fittinglymate with the plurality of rail sections, each spline having a secondsurface that faces and is spaced from the first surface of one of therespective rail sections to define a space therebetween for securing anobject between the spline and the rail section, each spline furtherincluding a second planar landing that seats against the first planarlanding when the spline snap-fittingly mates with the respective railsection, the spline further including an engagement ridge that engagesthe inwardly facing retainer lip; wherein the first planar landing islocated between the inwardly facing retainer lip and the first surface,the second planar landing being located between engagement ridge and thesecond surface.
 15. The frame assembly of claim 14, further including: aplurality of corner inserts that are configured to snap-fittingly matewith the plurality of rail sections, each corner insert having aplurality of outwardly directed beveled tabs which engage the retainerlips of corresponding rails sections for coupling the corners inserts tothe rail sections.
 16. The frame assembly of claim 15, wherein each railsection includes a dado formed therein and each corner insert includesan L-shaped connection ridge that is received within one dado of onerail section and within one dado of an adjacent rail section thatdefines one of the corners.
 17. The frame assembly of claim 15, whereineach corner insert has a hollow interior and includes a plurality oflocking tabs formed along inner surfaces of the corner insert.
 18. Theframe assembly of claim 17, wherein each corner insert has a slot formedin one corner thereof to permit flexing of two side walls of the cornerinsert that define one corner thereof.
 19. The frame assembly of claim17, further including a plurality of corner caps that are configured tomate with the plurality of corner inserts, each corner cap having anoutwardly projecting protrusion that is received with the hollowinterior of one corner insert, the protrusion having a plurality ofopenings formed in side walls thereof which receive the locking tabs ofthe one corner insert resulting in the corner cap snap-fittingly matingwith the one corner insert.
 20. The frame assembly of claim 19, whereinthe corner cap includes an internal face that overlaps two splines ofthe plurality of splines that meet in one corner.
 21. A frame assemblycomprising: a mitered frame base including a plurality of rail sectionsthat are joined together in corners of the mitered frame base; and aplurality of splines that are configured to snap-fittingly mate with theplurality of rail sections and define an open space between firstsurfaces of the rail sections and second surfaces of the splines; aplurality of corner inserts that are configured to snap-fittingly matewith the plurality of rail sections; and a plurality of corner caps thatare configured to mate with the plurality of corner inserts, each cornercap having an internal face that overlaps two splines that meet in onecorner of the frame assembly.
 22. The frame assembly of claim 21,wherein an underside of each corner cap includes an L-shaped retentionwall that is formed along a peripheral edge of the corner cap and isconfigured to seat against a matt board for placement in a second spacethat is spaced from first space.
 23. The frame assembly of claim 21,wherein the underside of the corner cap includes a hollow stub that isreceived within a hollow interior of one respective corner insert. 24.The frame assembly of claim 23, wherein the hollow interior of thecorner insert includes first locking elements that mate with secondlocking elements formed on the hollow stub for snap-fittingly attachingthe corner cap to the corner insert, the hollow stub further includingthird locking elements for snap-fittingly mating with the plurality ofrail sections.